The Benefit-Cost Ratio as a Decision Criteria When Managing Catastrophes

Solving Fuzzy MCDM by Subtracting Benefit Criteria from Cost Criteria

Abstract This paper suggests a fuzzy MCDM (multiple criteria decision-making) approach, where ratings of alternatives versus criteria and weights of criteria are assessed in fuzzy numbers or linguistic values represented by fuzzy numbers. Criteria are classified into cost and benefit ones. In the proposed method, the ratings assigned by decision makers to each alternative versus each criterion ...

Psychotropic medication in pregnancy: The cost-benefit ratio revised.

The use of drugs during pregnancy and breast-feeding is a long-lasting debate among scientists. Many of them support the view that the risks are minimal, since the anomalies in fetuses due to chemical compounds are approximately 1%, while others argue that the effects of drug delivery in this special period of life has largely unknown delayed consequences. In clinical practice the dilemma is to...

Multi-criteria Decision Analysis: a Framework for Managing Contaminated Sediments

Decision-making in environmental projects can be complex and seemingly intractable, principally due to the inherent existence of tradeoffs between sociopolitical, environmental, and economic factors. One tool that has been used to support environmental decision-making is comparative risk assessment (CRA). Central to CRA is the construction of a two-dimensional decision matrix that contains proj...

Decision Makers Use Norms, Not Cost-Benefit Analysis, When Choosing to Conceal or Reveal Unfair Rewards

We introduce the Conceal or Reveal Dilemma, in which individuals receive unfair benefits, and must decide whether to conceal or to reveal this unfair advantage. This dilemma has two important characteristics: it does not lend itself easily to cost-benefit analysis, neither to the application of any strong universal norm. As a consequence, it is ideally suited to the study of interindividual and...

Multiple Decision Criteria for Assessing An Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio of Expensive Health Technologies.